Narcissus jonquilla

jonquil
Narcissus jonquilla L.

    Narcissus jonquilla is a narrow-leaved and dainty species of Narcissus that is native to open and damp places of Portugal and Spain. It is extensively cultivated for its extremely fragrant flowers (are sometimes used in perfumery), and is naturalized in many areas of Europe and the United States, including Arkansas. Narcissus jonquilla is one of the most commonly cultivated Narcissus species in Arkansas, and is regularly encountered outside of cultivation in the state. It probably naturalizes via seed production, as well as asexually. This species is easily confused with the star jonquil,  N. Xintermedius (see description for N. Xintermedius for distinguishing characteristics between the two species).  

Figures for Narcissus jonquilla:
A-H. flowers (notice the carpenter bee on the flowers in fig. H);
I-M. plants;
N. bulb;
O-P. mature fruits;
Q. seeds (N. jonquilla readily produces seeds in Arkansas);
R. comparison between the seeds of N. jonquilla and N. pseudonarcissus; the seeds of N. jonquilla are smaller, duller, and more wrinkled (top four seeds in photograph);
S. juvenile, presumably spontaneous plant of N. jonquilla (reproductive age plants of N. jonquilla have been in this vicinity for a few years);
T. population of N. jonquilla at a home site in Clark County, Arkansas where it appears to be spreading from seed.

Narcissus of Arkansas
Narcissus species key
Narcissus miscellaneous
Narcissus relatives
representative herbarium specimens
basic Narcissus morphology  

Non-native Woody Plants of Arkansas